The only well accepted biological function of cobalt is as a component of vitamin B12. Rumen microbes utilize cobalt for growth and produce vitamin B12. Cobalt deficiency symptoms include loss of appetite, anemia, decreased production and weakness. Most natural feedstuffs contain adequate levels of cobalt. There are cobalt-deficient areas in the United States.
Reference: Hart, S. …
Manganese is important for bone formation, reproduction and enzyme functioning. Deficiency symptoms include a reluctance to walk, deformity of forelegs, delayed onset of estrus, poor conception rate and low birth weight. Manganese deficiencies are unusual.
Reference: Hart, S. 2008. Meat Goat Nutrition. Pages 58-83 in Proc. 23rd Ann. Goat Field Day, Langston University, Langston, OK.…
The 50-percent concentrate diet shown below was used in an experiment in late lactation. The level of milk production by doelings supported by this diet was similar to that of other dietary concentrate levels. However, milk production by does consuming this diet was greater than production by does consuming diets with 20-, 35- or 65-percent concentrate. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. The calculated composition on a dry matter basis …
The 65-percent concentrate diet shown below was used in an experiment in late lactation. The level of milk production by doelings supported by this diet was similar to that of other dietary concentrate levels. However, milk production by does consuming this diet was less than production by does consuming a 50-percent concentrate diet (DCD8). Similarly, other researchers have suggested that milk production by dairy goats may not necessarily be greater with high- versus moderate-dietary …
These are three diets used in the dry period in a recent experiment. The does and doelings were in good condition in late lactation before drying off, and performance in the subsequent early lactation period was similar among these different diets. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. The calculated composition on a dry matter basis is:
| Item | DCD10 | DCD11 | DCD12 |
| CP, % | 16.6 | 17.9 | 17.5 |
This is an experimental diet with concentrate level of 70 percent, including a variety of concentrate feedstuffs, some of which are relatively high in fiber. It contains some feedstuffs high in protein that escapes microbial degradation and is available for digestion in the small intestine. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. Ammonium chloride and white salt are present to minimize problems with urinary calculi. The calculated composition of the diet on …
CF2 is a dairy kid creep feed at the institute used in an experiment. It is based largely on corn. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. The composition on a dry matter basis is:
| CP – 20% | |
| TDN – 77% | |
| ME – 2.90 Mcal/kg | |
| Ca – 1% | |
| P – 0.5% | |
| Ingredient | % (dry matter basis) |
| Dehydrated alfalfa pellets | 15.00 |
| Ground corn | 57.31 |
| Soybean meal | 16.39 |
| Blood meal | 1.00 |
| Fish meal | 1.00 |
CF3 is a creep feed that was used in an experiment with suckling meat goat kids. It is fairly similar to CF1 in composition, with a high level of molasses but a slightly lower level of CP. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. The composition on a dry matter basis is:
| CP – 18% | |
| TDN – 73% | |
| Ca – 0.64% | |
| P – 0.48% | |
| Ingredient | % (air dry basis) |
| Wheat midds | 19.669 |
This supplement has also been used in experiments with forage-based diets. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. It is very similar to MVS1 but without molasses. It has the same feeding rate as MVS1, so assuming complete consumption would deliver slightly greater amounts of minerals and vitamins.
| Ingredient | % (air dry basis) |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 22.3 |
| Vitamin premix | 37.0 |
| Trace mineral premix | 37.0 |
| Deccox, 6% | 3.7 |
Reference: Hart, S. P. and A. L. …
This supplement has been used in an experiment with growing dairy goats and different dietary levels of concentrate and forage and different feeding methods. Trace mineral and vitamin premixes are those used for CD2. It is similar to MVS1 and MVS2 but without a higher level of dicalcium phosphate. It has a feeding rate of 0.07 percent of body weight, slightly greater than for previous supplements.
| Ingredient | % (air dry basis) |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 21.42 |
| Vitamin premix |
